The association between blood heavy metals level and sex hormones among postmenopausal women in the US

Introduction Environmental pollutants could be implicated in female endocrine setting Q6 beyond traditional factors. Until now, few study has focused on the association of environmental exposure to heavy metals with sex hormones postmenopausal women. This intended investigate whether serum levels metals(i.e., Cd, Pb, Hg, Mn, Se) would influence Methods and results A cross-sectional was performed 614 nationally representative participants from 2013-2016 National Health Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) US. Multivariate linear regression models restricted cubic spline plots revealed cadmium(Cd) had positive TT(β=3.25, 95%CI= 1.12, 5.38), bioavailable TT(β=1.78, 95%CI=0.36,3.21) TT/E2(β=0.76, 95%CI=0.28,1.24), which more apparent natural menopausal obese Lead(Pb) SHBG(β=12.84, 6.77,18.91), nearly all subgroups except normal BMI group, TT/E2 (β=0.69, 95%CI 0.134,1.25), Manganese(Mn) non-linear SHBG, women, TT/E2, Selenium(Se) U shaped TT, hysterectomy, overweight group. Conclusion In summary, this indicates a possible role that various degree plays disruption Q5 hormone Further experiments are needed elucidate underlying mechanisms.